Totalitarianism
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World War I and its aftermath set much of the world on a radically altered course of political development. In April 1917, U.S. president Woodrow Wilson went before a joint session of Congress asking for a declaration of war so that the world would “be made safe for democracy.” Yet what emerged from the battlefields of Europe and the Hall of Mirrors in the Palace of Versailles was a world that began to wonder whether democracy was any better at delivering peace and stability than imperial monarchy. Those who forged the treaty for the “war to end all wars” had incorrectly assumed that the basic economic stability of Europe would remain intact.
Contents
- Totalitarianism
- Communism in the Soviet Union
- Fascism in Western Europe
- Totalitarianism as Anti-modernity
- Vladimir Lenin: What Is to Be Done?
- Rudolf Steiner: Theosophy
- John Reed: “Soviets in Action”
- Clara Zetkin: “Organising Working Women”
- Adolf Hitler: Mein Kampf
- José Ortega y Gasset: The Revolt of the Masses
- Sigmund Freud: Civilization and Its Discontents
- Benito Mussolini: “The Doctrine of Fascism”
- Joseph Stalin: “Results of the First Five-year Plan”
- Rudolf Hess: Oath to Adolf Hitler
- Leon Trotsky: “I Stake My Life!”
- Munich Pact
- Reinhard Heydrich: Memorandum concerning Kristallnacht
- Treaty of Non-Aggression between Germany and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics
- Neville Chamberlain: Speech on Germany’s Invasion of Poland
- Liu Shaoqi: How to Be a Good Communist
- Vyacheslav Molotov: Address on Germany’s Invasion of Russia
- Cardinal Clemens von Galen: “Against Nazi Euthanasia”
- John W. Pehle and John J. McCloy: Debate about the Bombing of Auschwitz
- Declaration Regarding the Defeat of Germany
- Robert H. Jackson: Opening Statement before the International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg, Germany
- Mao Zedong: “On the People’s Democratic Dictatorship”
- Mao Zedong: “On the Co-Operative Transformation of Agriculture”