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Like all sound political conceptions, Fascism is action, and it is thought—action in which doctrine is immanent and doctrine arising from a given system of historical forces in which it is inserted and working on them from within. It has therefore a form correlated to contingencies of time and space, but it has also an ideal content which makes it an expression of truth in the higher region of the history of thought. There is no way of exercising a spiritual influence in the world as a human will dominating the will of others, unless one has a conception both of the transient and the specific reality on which that action is to be exercised and of the permanent and universal reality in which the transient dwells and has its being. To know men one must know man; to know man, one must be acquainted with reality and its laws. There can be no conception of the state which is not fundamentally a conception of life—philosophy or intuition, a system of ideas evolving within the framework of logic or concentrated in a vision or a faith, but always, at least potentially, an organic conception of the world.
Contents
- Totalitarianism
- Communism in the Soviet Union
- Fascism in Western Europe
- Totalitarianism as Anti-modernity
- Vladimir Lenin: What Is to Be Done? Date: 1902
- Rudolf Steiner: Theosophy Date: 1904
- John Reed: “Soviets in Action” Date: 1918
- Clara Zetkin: “Organising Working Women” Date: 1922
- Adolf Hitler: Mein Kampf Date: 1926
- José Ortega y Gasset: The Revolt of the Masses Date: 1930
- Sigmund Freud: Civilization and Its Discontents Date: 1930
- Benito Mussolini: “The Doctrine of Fascism” Date: 1932
- Joseph Stalin: “Results of the First Five-year Plan” Date: 1933
- Rudolf Hess: Oath to Adolf Hitler Date: 1934
- Leon Trotsky: “I Stake My Life!” Date: 1937
- Munich Pact Date: 1938
- Reinhard Heydrich: Memorandum concerning Kristallnacht Date: 1938
- Treaty of Non-Aggression between Germany and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics Date: 1939
- Neville Chamberlain: Speech on Germany’s Invasion of Poland Date: 1939
- Liu Shaoqi: How to Be a Good Communist Date: 1939
- Vyacheslav Molotov: Address on Germany’s Invasion of Russia Date: 1941
- Cardinal Clemens von Galen: “Against Nazi Euthanasia” Date: 1941
- John W. Pehle and John J. McCloy: Debate about the Bombing of Auschwitz Date: 1944
- Declaration Regarding the Defeat of Germany Date: 1945
- Robert H. Jackson: Opening Statement before the International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg, Germany Date: 1945
- Mao Zedong: “On the People’s Democratic Dictatorship” Date: 1949
- Mao Zedong: “On the Co-Operative Transformation of Agriculture” Date: 1955