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It I is an established opinion amongst some men, that there are in the understanding certain innate principles; some primary notions, . . . , characters, as it were, stamped upon the mind of man, which the soul receives in its very first being; and brings into the world with it. It would be sufficient to convince unprejudiced readers of the falseness of this supposition, if I should only shew (as I hope I shall in the following parts of this discourse) how men, barely by the use of their natural faculties, may attain to all the knowledge they have, without the help of any innate impressions; and may arrive at certainty, without any such original notions or principles. For I imagine any one will easily grant, that it would be impertinent to suppose, the ideas of colours innate in a creature, to whom God hath given sight, and a power to receive them by the eyes, from external objects: and no less unreasonable would it be to attribute several truths to the impressions of nature, and innate characters, when we may observe in ourselves faculties, fit to attain as easy and certain knowledge of them, as if they were originally imprinted on the mind.
Contents
- The Enlightenment
- Kant and the Redemption of Enlightenment
- Rousseau and Radicalization
- From Locke to Jefferson
- English Bill of Rights Year: 1689
- John Locke: Second Treatise on Civil Government Year: 1690
- John Locke: An Essay on Human Understanding Year: 1690
- Charles de Montesquieu: The Spirit of Laws Year: 1748
- Voltaire: Candide Year: 1759
- Jean-Jacques Rousseau: The Social Contract Year: 1762
- Voltaire: Philosophical Dictionary Year: 1764
- Catherine II of Russia: The Grand Instructions to the Commissioners Year: 1767
- Denis Diderot: Supplement to the Voyage of Bougainville Year: 1772
- American Declaration of Independence Year: 1776
- Immanuel Kant: “What Is Enlightenment?” Year: 1784
- Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen Year: 1789
- Jeremy Bentham: An Introduction to the Principles of Morals and Legislation Year: 1789
- Marquis de Condorcet: Outlines of an Historical View of the Progress of the Human Mind Year: 1795
- Thomas Malthus: An Essay on the Principle of Population Year: 1798
- David Ricardo: On the Principles of Political Economy and Taxation Year: 1817