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If man can predict, almost with certainty, those appearances of which he understands the laws; if, even when the laws are unknown to him, experience or the past enables him to foresee, with considerable probability, future appearances; why should we suppose it a chimerical undertaking to delineate, with some degree of truth, the picture of the future destiny of mankind from the results of its history? The only foundation of faith in the natural sciences is the principle, that the general laws, known or unknown, which regulate the phenomena of the universe, are regular and constant; and why should this principle, applicable to the other operations of nature, be less true when applied to the developement of the intellectual and moral faculties of man? In short, as opinions formed from experience, relative to the same class of objects, are the only rule by which men of soundest understanding are governed in their conduct, why should the philosopher be proscribed from supporting his conjectures upon a similar basis, provided he attribute to them no greater certainty than the number, the consistency, and the accuracy of actual observations shall authorise?
Contents
- The Enlightenment
- Kant and the Redemption of Enlightenment
- Rousseau and Radicalization
- From Locke to Jefferson
- English Bill of Rights Year: 1689
- John Locke: Second Treatise on Civil Government Year: 1690
- John Locke: An Essay on Human Understanding Year: 1690
- Charles de Montesquieu: The Spirit of Laws Year: 1748
- Voltaire: Candide Year: 1759
- Jean-Jacques Rousseau: The Social Contract Year: 1762
- Voltaire: Philosophical Dictionary Year: 1764
- Catherine II of Russia: The Grand Instructions to the Commissioners Year: 1767
- Denis Diderot: Supplement to the Voyage of Bougainville Year: 1772
- American Declaration of Independence Year: 1776
- Immanuel Kant: “What Is Enlightenment?” Year: 1784
- Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen Year: 1789
- Jeremy Bentham: An Introduction to the Principles of Morals and Legislation Year: 1789
- Marquis de Condorcet: Outlines of an Historical View of the Progress of the Human Mind Year: 1795
- Thomas Malthus: An Essay on the Principle of Population Year: 1798
- David Ricardo: On the Principles of Political Economy and Taxation Year: 1817