Chapter 8: Late Classical and Hellenistic Greece

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Chapter 8Late Classical and Hellenistic Greece
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Abstract

At the end of the Peloponnesian War in 404 BCE, Athens was in ruins. The democratic system that had reached its fullest expression during the Pericleian period had fallen to a combination of warfare, civil strife, and disease. The victorious Spartans, seeing Athenian democracy as a threat to the Hellenic peace, eliminated most of the defeated polis’s political institutions and replaced them with a governing council known as the Thirty Tyrants.

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