Charles Eastman (1858–1939), a Santee Sioux (also known as Eastern Dakota), was a physician, writer, reformer, and advocate for his people. Born Hakadah, which means “the pitiful last,” his name was later changed to Ohiyesa, “the winner.” Although he was raised traditionally by his paternal grandmother in Minnesota, his father converted to Christianity and renamed Ohiyesa “Charles Eastman,” using his deceased mother’s maiden name, and demanded that he go to school to learn the white man’s ways. In this way, Charles Eastman lived between two worlds: the world of the Native American and that of the white American.