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Hernán Cortés:Second Letter to Charles V
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Abstract
Between July 1519 and September 1521, the Spanish soldier and explorer Hernán Cortés (1485–1547) conquered what is now central and southern Mexico and added it to the globe-spanning Spanish empire. He swiftly toppled the Aztec empire and waged a genocidal campaign, resulting in the deaths of millions. During this time, he sent five extended letters to Emperor Charles V, the ruler of Spain and the Holy Roman Empire. Throughout these letters, Cortés attempted to justify his often-brutal actions.
Book contents
- Chapter 1: Motivations for Exploration and Colonization
- Christopher Columbus: Letter to Raphael Sanxis on the Discovery of America
- Hernán Cortés: Second Letter to Charles V
- Lope de Aguirre: Letter to King Philip of Spain
- “A True and Sincere Declaration of the Purpose and Ends of the Plantation Begun in Virginia”
- Samuel de Champlain: Voyages
- Fray Antonio de la Ascension: A Brief Report of the Discovery in New Spain
- John Smith: The Generall Historie of Virginia
- Father Paul Le Jeune: “Brief Relation of the Journey to New France”
- Adriaen Van der Donck: Description of the New-Netherlands
- Chapter 2: Culture, Contact, and Contest
- Iroquois Thanksgiving Address
- Requerimiento
- The Journey of Álvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca
- Hernando Pizarro: Letter to the Royal Audience of Santo Domingo
- Bartolomé de las Casas: A Short Account of the Destruction of the Indies
- Bernal Díaz del Castillo: The True History of the Conquest of New Spain
- John White: “Americæ pars, nunc Virginia dicta”
- Johannes Megapolensis Jr.: A Short Account of the Mohawk Indians
- Declaration of Pedro Naranjo of the Queres Nation
- Chapter 3: Founding Ideals
- Letter of Edward Winslow to a Friend
- Margaret Brent's Request for Voting Rights
- Maryland Toleration Act
- Habeas Corpus Act of the Restoration
- By the King, a Proclamation for the More Effectual Reducing and Suppressing of Pirates and Privateers in America
- Declaration of the Gentlemen, Merchants and Inhabitants of Boston, and the Country Adjacent
- English Bill of Rights
- John Locke: Second Treatise on Civil Government
- William Byrd II: Representation Concerning Proprietary Governments
- Benjamin Franklin: “Proposal for Promoting Useful Knowledge among the British Plantations in America”
- Benjamin Franklin: “The Way to Wealth”
- John Carwitham: “A South East View of the Great Town of Boston in New England in America”
- Chapter 4: Experiments in Government
- New Laws of the Indies
- For the Colony in Virginea Britannia: Lawes Divine, Morall and Martiall
- Mayflower Compact
- An Ordinance and Constitution of Treasurer and Company in England for a Council and Assembly in Virginia
- Frame of Government of Pennsylvania
- Edmund Andros: Report of His Administration
- Letters of Governor Alexander Spotswood
- Benjamin Franklin: “Exporting of Felons to the Colonies”
- Roger Sherman: A Caveat against Injustice
- Benjamin Franklin: Letter to Peter Collinson on the Plan of Union
- Benjamin Franklin: Albany Plan of Union
- Chapter 5: Wars and Empires
- Narrative of the Captivity and Restoration of Mrs Mary Rowlandson
- Father le Petit: Letter to Father d'Avaugour, Procurator of the Missions in North America
- John Mason: A Brief History of the Pequot War
- Henry Bouquet: Letter to William Allen in the Expedition to Fort Duquesne
- Simeon Ecuyer: Journal from Fort Pitt
- Proclamation of 1763
- Chapter 6: Rank, Raids, and Rebellions
- Richard Frethorne: Letter to His Parents
- Charles I: Speech on the Scaffold
- Oliver Cromwell: Speech at the Opening of the Protectorate Parliament
- Virginia's Act V: An Act for Punishment of Scandalous Persons
- Nathaniel Bacon: Manifesto
- Daniel Horsmanden: The New-York Conspiracy
- Elizabeth Sprigs: Letter to Her Father
- Benjamin Franklin: The Paxton Boys' Murder of the Conestoga India
- “A Few Lines on Magnus Mode, Richard Hodges & J. Newington Clark”
- Chapter 7: Slavery and the Slave Trade
- John Rolfe: “Letter to Sir Edwin Sandys”
- Virginia's Act XII: Negro Women's Children to Serve according to the Condition of the Mother
- Virginia's Act III: Baptism Does Not Exempt Slaves from Bondage
- Richard Ligon: A True & Exact History of the Island of Barbados
- “A Minute against Slavery, Addressed to Germantown Monthly Meeting”
- James Oglethorpe: “An Account of the Negroe Insurrection in South Carolina”
- South Carolina Slave Code
- John Woolman: Some Considerations on the Keeping of Negroes
- Briton Hammon: A Narrative of the Uncommon Sufferings, and Surprizing Deliverance of Briton Hammon, a Negro Man
- Jacques-Henri Bernardin de Saint-Pierre: “Reflections on Slavery”
- Chapter 8: Religion and Social Order
- John Winthrop: “A Model of Christian Charity”
- Massachusetts Bay Colony Trial against Anne Hutchinson
- Roger Williams: The Bloudy Tenent of Persecution for Cause of Conscience
- Anne Bradstreet: “Before the Birth of One of Her Children”
- Anne Bradstreet: “To My Dear and Loving Husband”
- Declaration of Protestant Subjects in Maryland
- Cotton Mather: Late Memorable Providences Relating to Witchcrafts and Possessions
- Answer of Mary Bradbury and Testimony of Thomas Bradbury
- Ann Putnam: Confession
- Benjamin Colman: Some Observations on Receiving the SMALL-POX by Ingrafting or Inoculating
- Jonathan Edwards: “Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God”
- Samson Occom: “A Short Narrative of My Life”