Aristotle: Metaphysics

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Aristotle: Metaphysics
Overview
About the Author
Context
Explanation and Analysis of the Document
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Abstract

It is thought that Aristotle wrote most of his philosophical works after he returned to Athens in 335 BCE, one year after Alexander’s accession to the Macedonian throne, and prior to Alexander’s death twelve years later—and during the time he was actively directing his Lyceum (or Peripatetic School, as it is sometimes known). His works are believed to have been derived from notes he would jot down on whatever subject he was focusing on at the time. He would use them for his lectures at his Lyceum, and it seems that his works were, for a while, passed down after his death to the masters of the Lyceum, who followed in his steps. The second of these masters, Neleus, allegedly took Aristotle’s library to the city of Scepsis, in what is now northwestern Turkey but was then the Kingdom of Pergamon. The manuscripts were then hidden in cellars for nearly 150 years, ostensibly to keep them from being confiscated by the King of Pergamon, before they were rescued by the manuscript collector Apellicon of Teos (d. ca. 84 BCE). Apellicon had the damaged documents recopied and taken back to Athens, but in 86 BCE, the Roman General Lucius Cornelius Sulla (138–78 BCE) took them to Rome. There, the works were compiled and edited by Andronicus of Rhodes (ca. 60 BCE), and this was the edition that was copied in medieval monasteries and then put into print during the Renaissance.

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