Cover
Contents
Reader’s Guide
Contributors
Acknowledgements
Introduction
Volume 1
Colonial Wars
Henry Dering: Letter to John Cotton
Thomas Oliver: “A Memorial of the State of the Province of Massachusetts Bay, with Reference
Benjamin Franklin: Join, or Die
George Washington: Letters to Robert Dinwiddie, 11-14 October 1755
Proclamation of 1763
American Revolution
Patrick Henry: Virginia Resolves on the Stamp Act
Anna Young Smith: “An Elegy to the Memory of the American Volunteers”
George Washington: Address to the Continental Congress
Declaration of Independence
Thomas Paine: Common Sense
Abigail Adams: “Remember the Ladies” Letter
George Washington: Letter to John Hancock
Nicholas Cresswell: Journal of a Loyalist in Virginia
Molly Gutridge: “A New Touch on the Times”
Eliza Wilkinson: Letters from a Planter’s Daughter
George Washington: Farewell Address
Boyrereau Brinch: Pension Application
The War of 1812
James Madison: War Message to Congress
Tecumseh: Speech to Major General Henry Procter at Fort Malden
Henry Clay: Speech on the Bill to Raise an Additional Military Force
Francis Scott Key: “The Star-Spangled Banner” (U.S. National Anthem)
Treaty of Ghent
Slave Revolts
Robert Hunter: Letter to the Lords of Trade on the New York Slave Revolt of 1712
James Oglethorpe: “An Account of the Negroe Insurrection in South Carolina”
William C. C. Claiborne: Letter to Thomas Jefferson
The Confessions of Nat Turner
Native American Conflicts
Treaty with the Cherokee, 1798 (First Treaty of Tellico Blockhouse)
Little Turtle: Address of Little Turtle
Joseph Cramer: Letter to Major Ed Wynkoop about the Sand Creek Massacre
Treaty of Fort Laramie
Wounded Knee Massacre: Statements and Eyewitness Accounts
Two Moons: A Cheyenne Description of the Battle of the Little Bighorn River
Little Bear: Account of the Sand Creek Massacre
Nicholas Black Elk: “The Butchering at Wounded Knee”
Mexican-American War
Joint Resolution of Congress for the Annexation of Texas
Thomas J. Green: “Reflections upon the . . . Relations of Texas, Mexico, and the United
James K. Polk: Message to Congress on War with Mexico
Ephraim Kirby Smith: Letters from the Front in the Mexican War
Henry Clay: Speech on the Mexican-American War
Richard Doyle: “The Land of Liberty” Cartoon
Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
Frederick Douglass: “The War with Mexico”
The Other Side; or, Notes for the History of the War between Mexico and the United
Ulysses S. Grant: Memoir on the Mexican War
The Civil War
Abraham Lincoln: First Inaugural Address
Alexander Stephens: Corner-Stone Speech
Elisha Hunt Rhodes: Civil War Diary of a Union Soldier
Frederick Law Olmsted: Journeys and Explorations in the Cotton Kingdom
Harriet Jacobs: Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl
Jefferson Davis: Farewell Address to the U.S. Senate
Jefferson Davis: Inaugural Address to the Confederacy
Julia Ward Howe: “The Battle Hymn of the Republic”
Osborne P. Anderson: A Voice from Harper’s Ferry
Robert E. Lee: 1861 Letter to Custis Lee
Sam Houston: Speech on His Refusal to Take the Oath of Loyalty to the Confederacy
Wendell Phillips: “Under the Flag”
William Henry Seward: Memorandum to President Abraham Lincoln
Emancipation Proclamation
Frederick Douglass: “The Reasons for Our Troubles”
George Frederick Root: “Battle-Cry of Freedom”
Robert E. Lee: 1862 Letter to Jefferson Davis
Treaty between the United States and Great Britain for the Suppression of the Slave Trade
Abraham Lincoln: Letter to James C. Conkling
Frances Anne Kemble: Journal of a Residence on a Georgian Plantation in 1838-1839
Frederick Douglass: “Men of Color, To Arms!”
Gettysburg Address
Louisa May Alcott: Hospital Sketches
Robert E. Lee: 1863 Letter to Jefferson Davis
U.S. War Department General Order 143
“An Ordinance to Organize and Establish Patrols for the Police of Slaves in the Parish
James H. Payne: Letter about “Sister Penny”
Robert E. Lee: 1864 Letter to Jefferson Davis
Thomas Morris Chester: Civil War Dispatches
Ulysses S. Grant: Letter to William Tecumseh Sherman
Arnold Bertonneau: “Every Man Should Stand Equal before the Law”
John Jones: “The Black Laws of Illinois: And a Few Reasons Why They Should Be Repealed”
Photograph of Powder Monkey on USS New Hampshire
Abraham Lincoln: Second Inaugural Address
Andrew Johnson: First Annual Message to Congress
Articles of Agreement Relating to the Surrender of the Army of Northern Virginia
Black Code of Mississippi
Convention of Colored Men: Address to the Loyal Citizens of the United States and to Congress
Robert E. Lee: General Order No. 9
Robert E. Lee: Letter to Andrew Hunter
Thirteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution
Ulysses S. Grant: Final Report of Military Operations
Walt Whitman: Selections from Drum-Taps
William Lloyd Garrison: Valedictory Editorial of the Liberator
William T. Sherman: Special Field Order No. 15
Andrew J. Russell: Ruins of Richmond Photograph
Photograph of the 107th U.S. Colored Infantry
Volume 2
The Spanish-American War
William McKinley: Message to Congress about Cuban Intervention
Victor Gillam: “Remember the Maine! And Don’t Forget the Starving Cubans!”
William McKinley: “Benevolent Assimilation” Proclamation
John W. Galloway: A Black Soldier’s Letter from the Philippines
James W. Poe: “The Slaughter in the Philippines and Its Relation to Massacres of Our People
Platform of the Anti-Imperialist League
Louis Dalrymple: “School Begins”
Henry Cabot Lodge: Speech on the Retention of the Philippine Islands
Emil Flohri: “And, After All, the Philippines Are Only the Stepping-Stone to China”
World War I
Mary L. Graffam: Letter from Turkey
Henry Cabot Lodge: Speech on Mexico
Woodrow Wilson: Second Inaugural Address
Zimmermann Telegram
Woodrow Wilson: Address to Congress Leading to a Declaration of War against Germany
Emma Goldman: Speech against Conscription and War
Robert La Follette: Speech Opposing War with Germany
Henry Cabot Lodge: Speech on President Woodrow Wilson’s Plan for a World Peace
Espionage Act
“Gee! I Wish I Were a Man”: Navy Recruiting Poster
Eugene V. Debs: Antiwar Speech
Theodore Roosevelt: Speech to the New York Republican State Convention
Robert Russa Moton: “The American Negro and the World War”
Sedition Act
Woodrow Wilson: Fourteen Points
Covenant of the League of Nations
Treaty of Versailles
W. E. B. Du Bois: “Returning Soldiers”
Henry Cabot Lodge: Speech Opposing the League of Nations
“The Colored Americans in France”
Photograph of Harlem Hellfighters Regiment
World War II
U.S. Congress: Neutrality Act of 1939
George Marshall: Speech to the American Historical Association on the National Organization for War
Walter Reuther: “500 Planes a Day”
Kichisaburō Nomura: Draft Proposals for Peace between the Governments of Japan and the United States
Harold Ickes: Speech for “I Am an American Day”
Franklin D. Roosevelt: Four Freedoms Message to Congress
Lend-Lease Act
Executive Order 8802: Banning Discrimination in Government and Defense Industries
Japan’s Fourteen-part Message
Franklin D. Roosevelt: “Pearl Harbor” Speech
Executive Order 9066: Internment of Japanese Americans
John L. DeWitt: Order for Internment of Japanese Americans in San Francisco
John DeWitt: Final Report: The Japanese Evacuation from the West Coast, 1942
George Marshall: Speech to the Graduating Class of the U.S. Military Academy
Bayard Rustin: “The Negro and Nonviolence”
“We Can Do It!” Rosie the Riveter Poster
“Kultur-terror” Pro-German, Anti-American Propaganda Poster
U.S. War Department: Pamphlet on Censorship
National War Labor Board: Case No. 771—Southport Petroleum Company (Texas City, Texas) and Oil Workers’ International Union
Photograph of B-17 Formation over Schweinfurt, Germany
Ansel Adams: “Manzanar Relocation Center” Photograph
Photograph of Navajo Code Talkers
Alfred T. Palmer: “Detroit Arsenal Tank Plant (Chrysler)” Photograph
Korematsu v. United States
Dwight D. Eisenhower: Order of the Day
Servicemen’s Readjustment Act (GI Bill)
John Pehle and John McCloy: Debate about the Bombing of Auschwitz
U.S. Department of Defense: Combat Interview of D-Day Survivors of the 116th Infantry Regiment
Joe Rosenthal: Raising the Flag over Iwo Jima
Emperor Hirohito: Imperial Rescript on Surrender of Japan
Douglas MacArthur: Radio Broadcast after the Surrender of Japan
Harry S. Truman: Statement Announcing the Use of the Atomic Bomb on Hiroshima
J. Robert Oppenheimer: Memorandum on the Radiological Dangers of a Nuclear Detonation
Declaration Regarding the Defeat of Germany
Yalta Conference Joint Statement
Potsdam Conference Protocols
U.S. Strategic Bombing Survey Summary Report
J. Robert Oppenheimer: Report on the International Control of Atomic Energy
Robert H. Jackson: Closing Statement before the International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg, Germany
Volume 3
The Cold War
Winston Churchill: “Iron Curtain” Speech
George F. Kennan: “Long Telegram”
George Marshall: The Mediator’s View of the Situation in China
J. Edgar Hoover: Testimony before the House Un-American Activities Committee
Marshall Plan
Truman Doctrine
George F. Kennan: “PPS/23: Review of Current Trends in U.S. Foreign Policy”
Executive Order 9981: Desegregation of the Armed Forces
North Atlantic Treaty
Harry S. Truman: Inaugural Address
Joseph McCarthy: “Enemies from Within” Speech
J. Edgar Hoover: Letter to Harry Truman’s Special Consultant, Sidney Souers
Joseph McCarthy: Telegram to President Harry S. Truman
Joseph McCarthy: Letter to President Dwight Eisenhower
George Marshall: Nobel Peace Prize Acceptance Speech
Dwight D. Eisenhower: First Inaugural Address
John Foster Dulles: Radio and Television Address on Communism in Guatemala
Warsaw Security Pact
Allen Dulles: Television Interview on the Soviets’ Intentions
Paul Robeson: Testimony before HUAC
John Foster Dulles: Address on U.S. Policy toward Communist China
Dwight D. Eisenhower: Second Inaugural Address
Dwight D. Eisenhower: Eisenhower Doctrine
John Foster Dulles: News Conference on U.S. Relations with Latin American Nations
Richard M. Nixon: “Kitchen” Debate with Nikita Khrushchev
Allen Dulles: Address on the Soviet Military Threat
Walter Reuther: Address before the Berlin Freedom Rally
Dwight D. Eisenhower: Farewell Address
John F. Kennedy: Inaugural Address
Tom Hayden: “The Port Huron Statement of the Students for a Democratic Society”
John F. Kennedy: Report to the American People on the Soviet Arms Buildup in Cuba
Lyndon Baines Johnson: Speech to Congress on Assuming the Presidency
Henry Kissinger and Zhou Enlai: Shanghai Communiqué
Biological Weapons Convention
Helsinki Final Act
Ronald Reagan: “Evil Empire” Speech
Ronald Reagan: Address to the Nation on United States Policy in Central America
Ronald Reagan: Remarks on East-West Relations at the Brandenburg Gate
Photograph of Berlin Wall Teardown
George H. W. Bush: Address to the Nation on the Commonwealth of Independent States
The Korean War
UN Security Council: Resolutions on Hostilities in Korea
David Douglas Duncan: Captain Francis “Ike” Fenton Photograph
Harry S. Truman: Report to the American People on Korea
Thurgood Marshall: Draft of Report on Korea
Harry S. Truman: Statement and Order on Relieving General MacArthur of His Commands
Armistice Agreement for the Restoration of the South Korean State
Dwight D. Eisenhower: Radio and Television Address to the American People Announcing the Signing of the Korean Armistice
Vietnam War
John McNaughton: Plan of Action for South Vietnam
Joint Chiefs of Staff: U.S. Department of Defense Rules of Engagement
Gulf of Tonkin Resolution
Lyndon Baines Johnson: Remarks on the Gulf of Tonkin Incident
J. Edgar Hoover: Memo on the Leak of Vietnam War Information
Bond v. Floyd
Martin Luther King Jr.: “Beyond Vietnam: A Time to Break Silence”
My Lai Massacre Witness Statements and Testimony
Tinker v. Des Moines Independent Community School District
Richard M. Nixon: “Silent Majority” Speech
Richard M. Nixon: Address to the Nation on the Situation in Southeast Asia
Mexican American Marines in Vietnam
John Kerry: Testimony of Vietnam Veterans Against the War
Clay v. United States
Photograph of Vietnam War Destruction
Henry Kissinger and Le Duc Tho: Paris Peace Accords
Herbert Block: “National Security Blanket” Cartoon
George H. W. Bush: Address to the Nation on Panama
George H. W. Bush: Memorandum on the Arrest of General Manuel Noriega in Panama
United Nations Security Council Resolution 687
George H. W. Bush: Address to the Nation Announcing Operation Desert Storm
Bernie Sanders: Speech on the Persian Gulf War
Jonas Jordan: Photograph of Burning
Oil Field in Kuwait
William J. Clinton: Address to the Nation on Somalia
John D. Gresham: “Black Hawk Down” Interview with Michael J. Durant
Iraq-Afghanistan
George W. Bush: Address to the Nation on September 11, 2001
2001 Authorization for the Use of Military Force
George W. Bush: Second State of the Union Address
Bybee Torture Memo
Colin Powell: Remarks to the United Nations Security Council
George W. Bush: Address to the Nation on Military Operations in Iraq
J. Scott Applewhite: “Mission Accomplished” Photograph
Robert C. Byrd: “The Emperor Has No Clothes” Speech
Antonio Taguba: Taguba Report
Condoleezza Rice: “International Support for Iraqi Democracy”
Iraq Study Group Report
Report on the Death of Pat Tillman
Barack Obama: “A New Beginning” Speech on U.S.-Muslim Relations
Agreement for Bringing Peace to Afghanistan
Brennen Lege: Photograph of U.S. Withdrawal from Kabul
List of Documents by Category
Index