Unit 8:: The Apex of Modern Civilization
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In the latter part of the nineteenth century, the West entered a period of history that many people—in Europe, in America, and even in other parts of the world—thought was the highest level of civilization ever achieved by any people, anywhere. When considering the longer span of world history, the idea is debatable; perhaps the Chinese under the Tang and Song Dynasties, the Arabs under the Abbasid Caliphate, or the Indians under the Mughals were more “civilized,” depending on one’s definition of the word. Yet there can be no question that the physical expansion and power of Western civilization in its period of greatest material achievement was unprecedented.
Contents
- Unit 1:: The Emergence of the Modern West
- The Protestant Reformation and Its After-effects
- The Rebirth of Humanism in the West
- Crises of the Medieval World
- Unit 1 Review
- Unit 2:: The Growth of Western Civilization
- Commodity Trading and the Birth of an Atlantic Economy
- Spain, Portugal, and the Invention of Western Power
- The Emergence of the National Monarchy
- Unit 2 Review
- Unit 3:: From Scientific Revolution to Enlightenment
- The Newtonian Cosmos
- The Destabilization of the Spiritual Worldview
- The Copernican Revolution
- Unit 3 Review
- Unit 4:: The Enlightenment
- Kant and the Redemption of Enlightenment
- Rousseau and Radicalization
- From Locke to Jefferson
- Unit 4 Review
- Unit 5:: An Age of Revolution
- A New Historical Order
- Novus dux Napoleon
- The French Revolution
- Unit 5 Review
- Unit 6:: The Triumph of Bourgeois Consciousness
- Romanticism
- Tradition versus Progress
- The Nation
- Unit 6 Review
- Unit 7:: Industrialization and Its After-effects
- From Textiles to Steam Engines
- Intellectual Responses to Industrial Modernity
- Marx and the Communist Manifesto
- Unit 7 Review
- Unit 8:: The Apex of Modern Civilization
- New States and Old Problems
- Challenges from Without
- Challenges from Within
- Unit 8 Review
- Unit 9:: New Imperialism
- Prelude to War
- Case Studies in New Imperialism
- Origins and Modes
- Unit 9 Review
- Unit 10:: World War I
- The Suicide of the West
- Strategies and Operations
- Causes and Contingencies
- Unit 10 Review
- Unit 11:: Totalitarianism
- Communism in the Soviet Union
- Fascism in Western Europe
- Totalitarianism as Anti-modernity
- Unit 11 Review
- Unit 12:: World War II
- The Restoration of Modern Consciousness
- Expansions and Turning Points
- The Inescapable Path to War
- Unit 12 Review
- Unit 13:: The Cold War
- The Concept of a “Third” World
- The Western Response
- An Ideological Showdown
- Unit 13 Review
- Unit 14:: The West and the “Global” World
- Crises of Climate, Credit, and Historical Consciousness
- Terrorism and Popular Culture
- Imperialism Redefined
- Unit 14 Review
- Unit 15:: Postmodernism and the End of History
- The Meaning of the “End of the World”
- Lack of Credulity
- Post-historical Humanity
- Unit 15 Review