David Walker, a free Black man living in Boston, Massachusetts, published the first edition of his Appeal to the Coloured Citizens of the World in 1829, and the third and last revised edition of the pamphlet in June 1830. In this Appeal, Walker pointed out the obvious double standard of white Christian Americans committed to the principle of liberty turning a blind eye to the sufferings of those living as enslaved people. He encouraged his fellow African Americans in the United States, enslaved and free, to see themselves as human beings and to do something to elevate themselves from their “wretched state.” In doing so, the arguments for slavery—racial slavery in particular—would be torn down, thus weakening the power of the slaveholders.