This photograph was published in November 1969 by the Associated Press (AP). Most Americans are likely to be familiar with Alcatraz, nicknamed “the Rock,” a twentytwo-acre island in San Francisco Bay that was originally used as a lighthouse but in 1934 became the site of a federal prison. Because of the strong currents and cold water temperatures around the island, escape was virtually impossible, and the prison was one of the most notorious in the United States until it was closed in 1963. It is now a tourist attraction. But not so in 1969, when dozens of Native Americans from various tribes occupied the island and claimed that by treaty it was American Indian territory.