This photograph shows a group of Native American students taken four months after their arrival at the United States Indian Industrial School in Carlisle, Pennsylvania, generally called the Carlisle School or Carlisle Indian School. The Carlisle School, founded in 1879 and housed in an unused military barracks, the Carlisle Barracks, was one of twenty-six federally funded boarding schools for Native American youth operated under the auspices of the U.S. Bureau of Indian Affairs. They operated alongside numerous private institutions for Native youth run by religious organizations in the late nineteenth century and into the twentieth. Until the school closed in 1918, a total of 10,000 students from 140 tribes had attended. The tribes with the largest number of students were the Lakota, Ojibwe, Cherokee, Apache, Cheyenne, Alaska Native, Seneca, and Oneida.