Science and Its Discontents

A Milestone Documents E-text
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Science and Its Discontents
https://doi.org/10.3735/9781961844605.book.part.053

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Abstract

Scientists continued to advance knowledge and gain cultural prestige in the nineteenth century. The very word scientist was invented in this period and came to displace the older term natural philosopher. There were numerous scientific breakthroughs, such as English scientist Charles Darwin’s theory of evolution by natural selection, the development of thermodynamics and field theory in physics, and the rise of the atomic theory in physics and chemistry. Yet despite the dominance of science in Western intellectual life, its absolute authority over consciousness remained contested.

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