The Plan de Ayala was issued by Emiliano Zapata Salazar (1879–1919), a revolutionary who made land reform a rallying cry for a wide-scale revolt against the authoritarian Mexican government under Porfirio Díaz (1830–1915) and Francisco Ignacio Madero González (1873–1913). Madero was the leading figure in the first stages of the rebellion against Díaz. He had run against Díaz for the presidency in the election of 1910, but he was arrested and jailed after Díaz declared himself the winner. Madero escaped, fled to the United States, and sought military support from revolutionaries like Zapata and Francisco “Pancho” Villa (1878–1923).